Measures to strengthen control over the preservation of life and health of ONMedU students during the summer holidays of 2020-2021 academic year.

In pursuance of the order of the rector of ONMedU V.M. Zaporozhan № 8 of 28.05.2021 on strengthening control over the preservation of life and health of students during the summer holidays, the implementation of measures for labor protection, life safety, civil protection, prevention of emergencies in ONMedU.

 

Instructions

on safety of life of the participants of the educational process of ONMedU

 

In the modern world, in connection with the emergence of a number of dangers of man-made, natural and social origin, there is a constantly relevant issue of human security in the environment and the preservation of material values ​​created by it. The solution to this problem is achieved by a compromise between the objects of nature, production, social and other human activities and is implemented as a set of measures aimed at mobilizing government tructures and the public to prepare appropriate human resources to change the way of thinking and behaving, forming in each person a sense of personal responsibility for compliance with safety requirements for a variety of daily activities.

 

Fire safety rules

 

Basic rules of conduct in case of fire detection:

1. No need to panic. Instead, you need to take matters into your own hands, be vigilant and attentive to act consistently.
2. At the first signs of fire immediately call the fire brigade at 101. Name the exact address of the object, indicate the number of floors of the building, the place of the fire, the presence and number of people, as well as your name.
3. If the fire is not large-scale, try to take (if possible) measures to evacuate people, and also try to extinguish the flames with the help of primary fire extinguishers, namely a fire extinguisher or with the help of improvised means. Cover with a thick blanket, cover with sand or pour the fire with water. But never extinguish burning wiring and appliances connected to the mains with water. This is extremely dangerous.
4. If the fire has spread to the whole room, then it must be left quickly. It is best to do this through the door, but if the door is locked, then try to call for help.
5. If you understand that you can not cope with the fire on your own, leave the room immediately. Try to get all the people out of the building or at least warn them about the fire. Never risk yourself for valuables and other property.
6. Do not run at random. Before opening a closed door in a burning building, touch it with the back of your hand. If you feel warmth with your hand, do not open the door – fire is behind it.

 

7. In case of fire, use the simplest means of protection of the respiratory system from carbon monoxide: you need to moisten clothes or cotton gauze bandages with water and cover your nose and mouth with them.

 

If the flame cuts off the way out:

1. Go to the room furthest from the fire, close all the doors tightly behind you. Open the window (do not do this if something is already burning in the room) or go to the balcony and try to attract people’s attention by shouting for help.
2. If possible, cover the gaps between the floor and the door with a wet cloth, turn off the electricity and turn off the gas.
3. If the room is filled with smoke, breathe through a damp cloth. Make sure the door is tightly closed and protrude into the open window. If you do not have access to it or a stream of smoke pours through the window, stay as close to the floor as possible, because harmful combustion products accumulate at the level of our height and above.
4. Do not use the elevator during a fire. In such situations, electricity is usually cut off first of all. Go down the stairs only.

 

Electrical safety rules

1. It is strictly forbidden to approach the broken wire of the power line closer than 8 meters, so as not to be struck by electric current. If you find a sagging or broken wire, or other damage to electrical equipment, it is necessary to immediately organize the protection of this place to avoid approaching people. After that, it is necessary to urgently report the detected damage to the control services of the areas of electrical networks.
2. Remember that any wire or electrical appliance may be under voltage! Therefore, in no case try to restore the power supply of your households in case of damage.
3. It is prohibited to equip playgrounds and sports grounds, erect any buildings, store firewood or straw under overhead power lines and overhead entrances to buildings.
4. It is deadly dangerous to be near overhead and cable power lines during a thunderstorm; dig pits, plant trees and light fires in protected areas of power lines.
5. Do not fish or rest in the protection zone of power lines.
6. Before connecting a new appliance to the mains, carefully read the instructions that come with it – if it is to be earthed, it is dangerous to use it without earthing.
7. Do not connect several energy-intensive appliances to the power lines at the same time – as a result, the sockets may overheat or the fuses may trip. If this happens, unplug some appliances immediately.
8. If a spark occurs in the housing of the appliance when it is switched on, it is forbidden to use it.
9. Do not allow moisture or water to get on electrical appliances. Do not touch electrical appliances connected to the power lines, as well as sockets, light bulb sockets, etc. with wet hands.
10. It is impossible to install heating devices near easily flammable subjects – a curtain, a tablecloth, etc. or to put them directly on wooden tables, supports.
11. Do not leave unattended switched on appliances, such as an iron, an electric stove, a heater.
12. When igniting the wire, never fill it with water or break it with your hands. In this situation, turn off the electricity, then extinguish the fire with earth, sand or tarpaulin.
13. In the bathroom, all electrical appliances should be connected to the power lines only using a socket and plug with a protective contact and placed at a distance of at least 60 cm directly from the bath or shower.
14. Do not attempt to perform complex repair and installation work involving interference with electrical appliances and wiring on your own. Such work must be performed by electricians licensed to carry out the relevant activities.
15. Use only factory-made electric heaters. When buying electric heaters, preference should be given to closed type devices, where the heater is placed in a special protective shell that protects the spiral from mechanical damage and oxidation.
16. Filling electric heating appliances – kettles, coffee makers and other containers connected to the power lines is dangerous – it can lead to electric shock due to simultaneous contact with the ground (through the tap) of the person filling the appliance.

 

Rules of safe behavior in public places and in public transport

1. Safety in public places is primarily related to the culture of behavior. By following the rules of being on the street, in public transport, theater, museums, etc., a person will protect himself, as well as not create dangerous situations for others. The main rule of behavior on the street – do not cause inconvenience and trouble to others.
2. In Ukraine we have right-hand traffic, so when walking on the sidewalk, you must keep to your right.
3. Try not to touch others while driving. Carry your belongings so as not to disturb those who are moving towards you. You should not read on the go: sometimes it can lead to unexpected and unpleasant consequences.
4. Steps are often the cause of injuries. Going down the stairs, a man should always go ahead. A woman goes up the stairs first,

the man is slightly behind. However, if the stairs are dark, steep or in a completely unfamiliar place, then the man should go ahead. If you are met by someone with things, you need to linger on the site and wait for the person to pass.

5. Wait for the bus, trolleybus or tram only at stops. If it is not present – on the sidewalk or roadside. In the subway you should not cross the boundary line on the platform.
6. You can get into the vehicle only after it stops. Wait until the passengers leave before entering. At the same time it is necessary to stand so as not to interfere with them to leave. When entering a vehicle with a backpack, be sure to remove it so as not to touch people
7. While driving, do not distract the driver with questions.

Do not stand in the doorway, interfering with the entry and exit of other passengers

Railway safety rules

1. It is allowed to cross railway tracks only in the established places (pedestrian bridges, crossings, tunnels,etc.). At stations where there are no bridges and tunnels, railway tracks should be crossed in places equipped with special decks.
2. When approaching a train to a platform, it is necessary to follow the sound signals coming from the locomotive, to listen carefully to the announcements transmitted by loudspeaker.
3. It is forbidden to cross and run over the railway tracks in front of a train (or locomotive, car, etc.) approaching if there are less than 400 m left.
4. It is forbidden to cross the track immediately after the train (or locomotive, car, etc.) without making sure that the rolling stock does not move on the adjacent tracks.
5. It is forbidden to cross railway tracks at the closed position of a barrier or at a red light of a traffic light and a sound signal of the crossing alarm system.
6. It is forbidden to put any objects on the rails of the railway track.
7. It is forbidden to sit on the edge of the landing platform, to put personal belongings on the edge of the platform, the platform.
8. It is allowed to get into the carriage and get out of the carriage only after a complete stop of the train. Getting on the carriage and getting out of them should be done only at the platforms or landing platforms.
9. Passengers are prohibited from entering and leaving the carriage while the train is moving, to move out of the windows of cars and doors of vestibules during the movement of trains and to throw out foreign objects (bottles, bags, etc.) from windows and doors of cars.
10. It is forbidden to be in the train in a state of intoxication.
11. It is prohibited to carry flammable, harmful and explosive substances in carriages, to smoke in carriages (including vestibules) of suburban trains, as well as in places of passenger trains of non-smoking places.

 

Rules for handling detected suspicious (explosive) objects

In case of finding a suspicious (explosive) device it is PROHIBITED:

– to approach the detected object;

– to move it or take it in hand;

– to discharge, throw, hit it;

– to light a fire nearby or throw an object into it, bring the object home, to the training room, other crowded places.

 

When finding an explosive device:

– immediately (from a safe place) inform the next services of the Ministry of Emergencies (tel. 101), the police (tel. 102);

– do not approach the object, do not touch or move it, do not allow other people to do it;

– stop all activities (works) in the area of ​​detection of an explosive object;

– do not use radio communications, mobile phones (they can provoke an explosion), wait for the arrival of specialists, indicate the location of the find and report the time of its detection.

Rules of safe behavior on and near water

1. The first condition for safe recreation on the water is the ability to swim. A person who swims well, feels calm on the water, confident, if necessary, can help. You need to learn to swim under the guidance of an instructor.
2. Do not swim or dive in unfamiliar places, it can be done in specially designated places, you can not swim behind the restrictive signs. You can not bathe in a state of intoxication.
3. Be very careful with air mattresses and toys, especially when there is wind or strong currents. If the current catches you, do not panic, you need to swim downstream, gradually and smoothly returning to the shore.
4. Do not bathe in cold water to avoid hypothermia. It is not necessary to bathe for a long time, it is better to bathe several times for 20-30 minutes.
5. You can not play on the water in such games that can cause harm. Do not dive under people, do not grab their legs.
6. Do not call for help unnecessarily.
7. Do not swim to spinning tops, steamers and boats.

Do not jump upside down in places whose depth you do not know.

 

Providing home care to victims in emergencies

 

The first aid is the implementation of the simplest medical measures to save lives, reduce suffering of a victim of emergency

situations and prevent the development of possible complications. Professionally, such assistance is provided by qualified medical personnel, but an ambulance may not always arrive on time at the scene. Therefore, everyone’s ability to provide first aid to victims before rescue services arrive can play a crucial role in saving lives.

Basic principles of the first aid:

– correctness and expediency (if you are not sure of your actions – it is better to refrain; the main rule of first aid – do no harm);

– speed;

– thoughtfulness, determination, calm.

 

When providing the first aid, the algorithm should be as follows:

1. Inspect the scene and make sure the assistance is safe: ensure your own safety, as well as the safety of the victim and the people around you.
2. Assess the condition of the victim (consciousness, respiration, pulse).
3. If necessary, call an emergency (ambulance) team, as well as other emergency services (police, rescue service, gas service, etc.).
4. Assess and stop critical bleeding.
5. Ensure airway patency.
6. If the victim has no signs of life and no critical bleeding (or you have already eliminated it) – start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
7. Transfer the victim to a stable position (on the side, face to your face, arm under the head, leg bent at the knee), unless there is a suspicion of spinal and pelvic injuries.
8. Do not leave the victim and monitor the state of his vital functions until the arrival of emergency services.

If you do not have the appropriate skills to provide assistance, you should seek for help of others present at the scene.